Saturday, August 14, 2021

Happy and Comfortable Life

Key words- Happy life, health, human being, emotions



Everybody in this world  want  to lead a healthy and happy life.  But is it possible to quantify happiness?


Definitely not.  It is a state of mind and depends on the attitude of the person concerned.

The basic requirements of a human being are food, shelter and clothing. One can have a meal of a small quantity of cereal while another can have a five star meal; one can have a small one room hut  for self and family while another can have a multi storey house in a large estate; while one can have a single piece cheap dress while anther can have a gold laced costly three piece suit.

In addition to the basic amenities, one should have good physical and mental health . Then only one should be able to enjoy life to its full extent.

But what is the  state of most of the people of this present day world. From a small baby to a grownup youth to a senior citizen, almost all are under some sort of pressure due to the mental agony ,worry and tension. It can be on the personal account, official account or on social account.

Is there a remedy for all these problems? Yes, it is there; but one has to find the solutions himself and practice accordingly..

If one can control his emotions, his anger, resentment and greediness and then have a positive outlook towards life, one will be able to lead  a happy and joyf

Friday, August 13, 2021

 



Environment and Value Education
Key wordsenvironment, value ,education, natural resources
Education can be through formal and informal channels. Value education with respect to environment should help  to bring  a new sustainable way of life. The environmental value education should inculcate   natural and cultural values, social justice, human heritage, equitable use of resources, managing common property resources in the minds of all persons.
In the present day world we are giving importance to development only with out understanding thee problems caused due to destruction of our environment. Our mind set should be changed so that the development should be with due regard to sustainability or equitable use of resources. The unsustainable development leads to economic growth of the rich and powerful while it makes the poor more poorer
Values in general sense deal with ones own principles and standards.
Values in environment education focus on the following aspects- effective utilization of natural resources, keeping the surroundings clean, excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in farms, effective use of water and power etc. All these issues are connected to the quality of human life.  They deal with respect for nature. These  values  will help  in leading a  healthy, productive and happy lives in harmony with nature.
Environmental values are the feelings that help us in preserving nature. Values are not constant. Concepts of what constitutes 'right' and 'wrong' behavior change with time. Once shooting of animals was taken as a sport. But now it is considered as a crime. It indicates that value system changes with time.
We have to develop a sense of values that are linked with a better and more sustainable way of life for all people. The positive feelings that support environment include a value for nature, cultures, heritage, and equity. We must also pay attention to  aspects that have negative impacts on the environment. These include our attitude towards the degradation of the environment, loss of species, pollution, poverty, corruption in environmental management and the rights of future generations.
We need to adopt the values to bring about a better way of life on earth for all people and all living creatures.
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 Brisk Walking – The remedy for all diseases

Key words - Blood pressure, Cholesterol, Blood Sugar, Over weight

Everybody in this world want to lead a healthy and comfortable life devoid of diseases. In the present day world, lot of persons are suffering from life style diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, overweight, high cholesterol etc. At the age of seventeen itself  the youngsters are forced to lead the life of   seventy year old persons

Is there a remedy for this? Yes, sure it is there. Brisk walking is a simple and easy exercise to reduce the ill effects of all these life style diseases. It also helps to improve metabolism. Along with exercise, it is very essential to control the diet.

According to the World Health Organisation “ A walker loses weight, ,reduces conditions associated with hypertension, lowers cholesterol, slows ageing and  increases strength ,flexibility and stamina.” Thirty minutes of brisk walking helps to burn off around 200 calories.

There is a saying in China  that “ Old age is inevitable but there is no excuse for senility’. Sedentary living and passive life style lead to weak muscles and reduced stamina. Few minutes of brisk walking every morning will help in reducing the bad effects of ageing. Mental fitness is also very important just like physical fitness.

Walking can help prevent osteoporosis (thinning of the bones), control diabetes and also relieve from back pain.  It will also be having a tranquillising effect on the ill effects of sedentary life as well as that  of the  highly stressed environment .

Walking can be in the morning or in the evening.  An early morning walk warms up body and also mind. Mind will be filled up with positive thoughts. Evening walk is the time for taking stock of one’s day time activities. It will also help in having a good sleep in the night.

A large number of scientific studies have shown that brisk walking develops cardiovascular health and protects against heart diseases.

Walking increases the amount of oxygen supplied to all tissues, increases HDL 

Tuesday, December 31, 2019


Welcome 2021

Time and tide wait for no man, thus goes the old adage.

Year 2020 will be down in a couple of hours from now. Year 2021 has reached our door steps.

Doctors advise that all persons (children and grownups) should have an annual check up of their body to find out any disorder and take corrective steps. But seldom one has a mental check to identify their drawbacks and take corrective steps. In the present day world, majority of persons are undergoing mental tension and  worry resulting in agony.

No doubt every body would like to lead a healthy and happy life. But unfortunately for various reasons people are not able to remain happy. It follows the old dictum:

                        “ Water water every where                           

                            But not a drop to drink”

So what to do?

Fill your mind with pleasant thoughts, Be positive.

Have balanced food, regular physical exercise.

Do your duty and forget about the result.

Wish you all a very happy year 2021!

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Thursday, November 7, 2019

Ageing - the natural process

Ageing - the natural process


tags: ageing, life style, diseases, free radicals, antioxidants

Everybody in this world  want to remain youthful always. But unfortunately as days pass, one gets older and changes take place both physically and mentally, On getting older many problems and diseases crop up. The diseases can be classified as life style diseases like blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol etc. 

Ageing is a natural process which affects the whole body. Since it is a natural process, it can’t be stopped altogether but can only  be slowed down to a certain extent. The rate of ageing will speed up on account of lack of exercise, improper food, lack of sleep and mental worry, 

By correcting the lifestyle, the rate of ageing can be slowed down considerably.
In old age skin loses its elasticity, eye sight gets weakened, muscles weaken, black hair turns to white, teeth get decayed and various other diseases increase. Heredity plays a very important role in ageing. Highly corrosive oxidising elements called free radicals attack our body. 

The main causes of free radicals are air pollution, strong sun light, cigarette smoking and absence of nutritious food. As  a remedial step, antioxidants should be taken which break down the free radicals. The main anti oxidants are vitamins - A, C and E and the mineral selenium.

The main effects of ageing are:

Increased chances for heart attack, arthritis , cancer
Impaired hearing, loss of teeth, cataract etc
Black hair turninng white
Poor sleep, irritability
Due to loss of calcium bones turn more brittle

As mentioned earlier, ageing is a natural  process which can’t be stopped but can be only slowed down by changing the life style.

M

Saturday, October 12, 2019

AVIAL

(A special mixed vegetable curry of Kerala)




Avial is a special dish of Kerala. It is a mixed vegetable curry and invariably is a must for all feasts in connection with marriage, birthday etc.

The legend behind the origin of Avial is as follows- In connection with the marriage of the daughter of  Maharaja, there was a grand feast. After the feast, lot of vegetables were left over. The Maharaja who saw these left over vegetables, asked his chief cook whether he can prepare any curry with it. The cook then used all the left over vegetables and prepared a new curry and called it Avial.

Ingredients (for 10 persons)

Carrots                      3
Beans                        10
Raw banana               2
Drum stick                 2
Ash gourd                  200g
Yam                           200g
Snake gourd               200g
Coconut (small)          1
Green Chillies             8
Curd                            1 cup
Turmeric powder        ¼ tea spoon
Salt                              1 tea spoon
Coconut (Refined) oil  1 table spoon
Curry leaves                3 sprigs
Water                           1 cup

Preparation

*Wash thoroughly all the vegetables.
*Cut them into small pieces of approximately 40 mm.
*Put these cut vegetables into a pressure cooker, add
 Water , salt , turmeric powder and mix it.
*Boil these vegetables for 10 minutes with out keeping
 the weight of the cooker.
*Grind the grated coconut and green chillies into a thick paste.
*Add curd to it and mix.
*Take out the cooker , open the lid and add the coconut - curd mix.
*Pour the oil over it and add the curry leaves.
*Mix thoroughly and Avial is ready.
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NB: Since Avial contains lot of green vegetables and is prepared without much
masalas it is  specially recommended  for diabetic patients.



Wednesday, September 11, 2019


The  Role of Railways in the Development of the Nation

16 th April 1853. Early morning hours. People in Boribunder village as usual weres engaged in their morning chores. Suddenly they heard a shuddering sound. They looked around to see what was happening. At a distance away, they a saw a train
rolling  over the track. They could not believe it. They had not seen a railway train before that.
It was the beginning a new era in the transportation  history of India. The train composed of 14 coaches and three steam locomotives. The journey started fro Boribunder (Bombay) and ended in Thane.   The distance covered was 21 miles( 34  kms)and it took approximately 45 minutes. It carried 300 passengers. Credit goes to Lord Dalhousie , then Viceroy of British India for taking initiative in introducing train service in India.

Present position of Indian Railways
India’s  rail network is the third largest in the world.
Route                                     69,182 kms
Track                                    1,21,407 kms
Number of stations          7,349

Administration
The railway ministry is headed by a cabinet minister assisted by a Minister of state. The minister is assisted  by a Board comprising a Chairman and 7 other Members . There  are different directorates in the board and the administrative head is the Secretary, Railway Board. The railway board monitors the overall performance of the system.

 Zones and Divisions
The railway network is divided into various  zones, each headed by a General Manger. There are 18 zones. The zones are divided into Divisions and Sub divisions.

Rail Budget 2019-20
For the financial year 2019-20, capital expenditure for Indian Railways has been pegged at Rs 1,60,176 crore. The amount is 20% higher than that of the previous year. According to Finance Minister, the infrastructure of Indian Railways would need an investment of Rs 50 lakh crore between 2018-2030. The capital expenditure for 2019-20 has been kept at Rs 1,60,176 crore, which is 20% higher than the previous year. The minister also proposed the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model for faster development and completion of rail tracks, rolling stock production and delivery of passenger freight services in her Union Budget speech 2019. The salient features of the budget are:
1) Indian Railways will invest more in suburban railway systems through Special Purpose Vehicle structures like RRTS (Rapid Regional Transport System) proposed on the Delhi-Meerut route.
2) Complete elimination of unmanned level crossings on Broad Gauge network has been achieved in 2018-19. Now, the national transporter is aiming to eliminate all 2,568 manned level crossings, present on Golden quadrilateral and diagonal routes in mission mode by building ROBs/RUBs.
3) The electrification of Indian Railways’ broad gauge network will be completed by 2021-22. In 2019-20, 7000 route kilometres has been targeted for electrification. Also, for 2019-20, the target of new lines, doubling/tripling, gauge conversion, etc. is 3750 kilometres as against 3596 kms in the last financial year.
4) The two Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFCs) are targeted to be completed by 2021 in phases. The Rewari-Palanpur section on Western DFC and the Khurja-Bhaupur section on Eastern DFC are targeted for completion this year.
5) The Mumbai-Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail project is progressing well and is scheduled for completion by the year 2023.
6) In a bid to enhance safety, create additional capacity and increase train efficiency, n Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system is proposed to be introduced.

Other Organisations
There are some other oganisations which are working in tandem with the operation of railways.

Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO)
This organization is situated at Lucknow. It is headed by a Director General. There are a number of directorates each under an under Executive Director The main purpose of this organization is to develop new designs, standardisation of existing systems, monitor the condition of of railway track , test the efficiency of running staff etc.

Chittaranjan Locomotive WorksChittaranjan 
The production in this factoryac was  started on 26th January, 1950 the day when India became Republic. The initial product of Chittaranjan Locomotive Works was Steam Locomotive .  Subsequently Diesel locomotives were  manufactured. Now  electric locomotives are  being  manufactured. here.

Diesel Locomotive Works(DLW)
This factory is situated at Varanasi. Disel locomotives are manufactuted. Maintenace of locomotives are also done here. Locomotive manufactured here have been exported to Srilanka,Malayasia, Vietnam, Bangla desh, Tanzania etc. Now electric locos are also manufactured here.

Integral Coach Factory (ICF|)
The factory is situated in Perambur, Chennai. Passenger coaches are manufactured here.
The factory  was inaugurated by the first Prime Minister of India Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru on 2nd October, 1955. Spread over nearly 473 acres, it has about 11,095 workers. About  2,1000 coaches are manufactured every year which includes conventional and self propelled coaches.

Rail Coach Factory (RCF)
RCF is situated in Kapurthala, Punjab. This was established in 1986. At present more than 36,000 RCF built coaches are traversing the length and breadth of  the country. Every year RCF is making more than 1600 coaches, which includes AC and Non-AC coaches for Broad Gauge.

Rail Wheel Factory ( RWF)
Rail Wheel Factory, Yelehanka (RWF)  (also known as Wheel and Axle Plant) is a manufacturing unit of Indian Railways, producing wheelsaxles and wheel sets of railroad wagons, coaches and locomotives for the use of Indian Railways and overseas customers is situated at Yelahanka, Bangalore in ...

Rail India Technical and Economic Services (RITES) Limited )
Earlier It was known as Rail India Technical and Economic Service. It is an engineering consultancy company, specializing in the field of transport infrastructure. Established in 1974 by the Government of India, the company's initial charter was to provide consultancy services in rail transport management to operators in India and abroad. RITES has since diversified into planning and consulting services for other infrastructure, including airports, ports, highways and urban planning. On-shore WDS6 Diesel Loco Leasing service has been introduced. It was awarded the status of MINIRATNA in 2002.
It has executed projects in over 62 countries on every major continent. As of 2011, it was executing projects in over 30 countries.

IRCOIN International
Ircon International Limited, formerly Indian Railway Construction Company Limited (IRCON), is an engineering and construction, spcompany specialized in transport infrastructure. This was established in 1976, by the Government of India under the Companies Act 1956. IRCON was registered as the Indian Railway Construction International Ltd., a wholly (100%) owned entity of the Ministry of Railways. Its primary purpose is  the construction of railway projects in India and abroad. IRCON has since diversified into other transport and infrastructure segments and with its expanded scope of operations around the world, the name was changed to Indian Railway International Ltd. in October 1995.
 Ircon has completed over 1250 major infrastructure projects in India and over 200 major projects across the globe in more than 31 countries.

Centre for Railway Information System (CRIS)
CRIS designs, develops, implements and maintains information systems for Indian Railways. It has also developed, implemented and maintained IT systems for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands ship-ticketing system. The number of projects handled by CRIS has increased from three in 2000 to more than 80 by 2018.
COA (Control Office Application), which assists train controllers (despatchers) in planning and tracking the movement of trains across the network, shares its data with applications such as NTES (with which passengers can obtain a train's location and expected movement) and FOIS. Train punctuality reports are generated through ICMS (Integrated Coaching COA.

Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Development Corporation Ltd(IRCTC)
The Indian Railway Catering And Tourism Corporation Limited also popularly known as IRCTC was incorporated in the year 1999 under Ministry of Railways to upgrade and professionalise catering services over Indian Railways and also to promote Railways as a kaleidoscope of tourism across the country.





  
Special Projects

Metro Rail System
The increased traffic on roads especially in metropolitan cities has led to severe congestion leading to traffic blocks. Metro rail systems are operational in 10 cities. These are Kolkota, Delhi, Mumbai , Chennai ,Bangaluru, Gurugram,Jaipur, Kochi, Jaipur and Lucknow. Kolkota metro is the oldest in the country. Metro rail systems have led to ease the traffic congestion to a limited extent.
Konkan Railway
This railway connects Mangalore with Mumbai. Previously passengers had to go through a very circuitious route taking more time. The 741 km track passes through Karnataka, Goa and Maharshtra. The first train on this route was flagged off on January 26, 1998. During the monsoon period at several location land slides take place and traffic has to be diverted through other routes.
Enginelessss Train ( T 18)
Vande Bharat Express , also known as Train 18, is an Indian semi-high speed intercity electric multiple unit. It was designed and built by Integral Coach Factory (ICF) Chennai under the Indian government's Make in India initiative over a span of 18 months. The unit cost of the first rake was given as ₹100 crore (US$14 million), though the unit cost is expected to go down with subsequent production.[ At the original price, it is estimated to be 40% less costly than a similar train imported from Europe. The train was launched on 15 February 2019,] by which date a second unit will have been produced and readied for service. The service was named 'Vande Bharat Express' on 27 January 2019.
The Rail University
The first railway university of the country has  started functioning from Vadodra, Gujarat. The university will primarily offer two courses, Bachelor of Science in Transportation Technology and a Bachelor of Business Administration in Transport Management. Till now 103 students have been shortlisted for the undergraduate course.